Development of an active antibacterial lotion based on hydroethanolic extract of the leaves of Feretia apodanthera Delile (Rubiaceae) on Staphylococcus aureus and Staphylococcus epidermidis

Formulation d’une lotion antibactérienne à base d’extrait hydroéthanolique des feuilles de Feretia apodanthera Delile (Rubiaceae) active sur Staphylococcus aureus et Staphylococcus epidermidis

Résumé

Introduction : The perpetual quest for new molecules to combat drug-resistant germs is driving the ongoing exploration of natural resources. Consequently, herbal therapy remains a common method of self-treatment among populations. This study aimed to evaluate the antibacterial efficacy of lotions formulated with hydroethanolic extract from the leaves of F. apodanthera Delile (Rubiaceae). Materials and methods : Microbiological sensitivity testing was performed on agar using Staphylococcus aureus, Staphylococcus epidermidis, Salmonella typhi, Escherichia coli, Pseudomonas aeruginosa and Streptococcus pyogenes at extract concentrations ranging from 100 to 12.5 mg/mL. Three lotions F1, F2 and F3 were formulated, and their physicochemical, organoleptic and biological parameters were assessed. Results : The inhibition diameters of the hydroethanolic infusion, which was selected as the active substance, were measured as follows : 15.50 ± 0.86, 12.50 ± 1.03 and 9.50 ± 4.76 mm for Staphylococcus aureus; 18 ± 1.70, 15 ± 1.60 and 12.50 ± 6.25 mm for Staphylococcus epidermidis; 16 ± 1.54, 10 ± 5.02 and 13.50 ± 1.73 mm for Pseudomonas aeruginosa. These values were obtained at concentrations of 100, 50 and 25 mg/mL, respectively. The three formulated lotions showed inhibition diameters ranging from 12.50 ± 0.51 to 14.50 ± 0.51 mm for Staphylococcus aureus and Staphylococcus epidermidis respectively. Conclusion : Lotions formulated from the hydroethanolic extract of Feretia apodanthera demonstrated antibacterial activity against Staphylococcus aureus and Staphylococcus epidermidis. This explains its traditional use in the treatment of skin infections in Burkina-Faso.